षड्दर्शन

The Six Classical Schools of Indian Philosophy

ॐ तत्सत्

सत्यं ज्ञानमनन्तं ब्रह्म

Truth, Knowledge, Infinity is Brahman

ब्रह्म
⚖️
न्याय
Logic
⚛️
वैशेषिक
Atomism
🔢
सांख्य
Enumeration
🧘
योग
Union
📜
मीमांसा
Inquiry
🕉️
वेदान्त
End of Vedas

दर्शन विस्तार - Philosophy Details

⚖️

न्याय दर्शन

Nyaya - School of Logic

Founder: Sage Gautama (Akshapada)

Primary Text: Nyaya Sutras

Focus: Logic, Epistemology, Reasoning

16 Categories (Padarthas):

  • • Pramana (Means of Knowledge)
  • • Prameya (Objects of Knowledge)
  • • Samshaya (Doubt)
  • • Prayojana (Purpose)
⚛️

वैशेषिक दर्शन

Vaisheshika - Atomic Theory

Founder: Sage Kanada

Primary Text: Vaisheshika Sutras

Focus: Atomic Theory, Physics

Seven Categories:

  • • Dravya (Substance)
  • • Guna (Quality)
  • • Karma (Action)
  • • Samanya (Generality)
🔢

सांख्य दर्शन

Samkhya - Enumeration

Founder: Sage Kapila

Primary Text: Samkhya Karika

Focus: Dualism, Evolution

25 Tattvas (Principles):

  • • Purusha (Consciousness)
  • • Prakriti (Matter)
  • • Mahat (Intellect)
  • • Ahamkara (Ego)
🧘

योग दर्शन

Yoga - Path of Union

Founder: Sage Patanjali

Primary Text: Yoga Sutras

Focus: Mind Control, Liberation

Ashtanga Yoga (8 Limbs):

  • • Yama (Restraints)
  • • Niyama (Observances)
  • • Asana (Postures)
  • • Pranayama (Breath Control)
📜

पूर्व मीमांसा

Mimamsa - Vedic Inquiry

Founder: Sage Jaimini

Primary Text: Mimamsa Sutras

Focus: Vedic Rituals, Dharma

Key Principles:

  • • Vedas are Eternal
  • • Dharma is Supreme
  • • Karma & Rituals
  • • Apurva Concept
🕉️

वेदान्त दर्शन

Vedanta - Ultimate Reality

Founder: Badarayana (Vyasa)

Primary Text: Brahma Sutras

Focus: Brahman, Moksha

Three Main Schools:

  • • Advaita (Non-Dualism)
  • • Vishishtadvaita (Qualified)
  • • Dvaita (Dualism)
  • • Prasthana Traya

कालक्रम - Historical Timeline

~800 BCE

कपिल मुनि - सांख्य

Sage Kapila establishes Samkhya philosophy

~600 BCE

कणाद - वैशेषिक

Kanada propounds atomic theory

~400 BCE

गौतम - न्याय

Gautama establishes logic system

~200 BCE

पतंजलि - योग

Patanjali compiles Yoga Sutras

~200 BCE

जैमिनि - मीमांसा

Jaimini systematizes Mimamsa

~100 BCE

बादरायण - वेदान्त

Badarayana writes Brahma Sutras

788-820 CE

आदि शंकराचार्य

Adi Shankara revives Advaita Vedanta

मुख्य सिद्धान्त - Core Concepts

मोक्ष
Liberation
ब्रह्म
Ultimate Reality
आत्मा
Soul
कर्म
Action
धर्म
Righteousness
माया
Illusion
प्रमाण
Valid Knowledge
गुण
Qualities
तत्त्व
Elements

तुलनात्मक अध्ययन - Comparative Study

School Nature of Reality Path to Liberation God Concept Soul Concept
Nyaya Pluralistic Realism Right Knowledge Theistic Eternal & Individual
Vaisheshika Atomic Realism Understanding Categories Theistic Eternal & Atomic
Samkhya Dualistic Discrimination Atheistic Pure Consciousness
Yoga Dualistic Eight-fold Path Theistic Pure Consciousness
Mimamsa Realistic Pluralism Vedic Rituals Ritualistic Eternal & Individual
Vedanta Non-dualistic/Qualified/Dualistic Knowledge of Brahman Brahman Identical/Part/Separate

दर्शन अभ्यास - Philosophy Practice

🎯

Daily Contemplation

Reflect on philosophical concepts

📚

Sutra Study

Deep dive into original texts

💬

Debate Forum

Engage in philosophical discussions